MEDITERRANEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORGANIC & MEDICINAL DEV. RESEARCH
VOL. 18 NO. 3 (MEJOMDR) JUNE, 2022
Published by: MEDITERRANEAN PUBLICATIONS AND RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL,
Canberra ACT 0201, Australia.
Bayero University, Kano, PMB 3011, Kano State, Nigeria.
E-MAIL: mediterraneanresearchpub@gmail.com PHONE: +234-708-717-324
PROXIMATE ANALYSIS OF MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAVES PART CULTIVATED IN COLLEGE FARM, JERE BOWL, JERE, NIGERIA
GWANA ADAMU MOHAMMED1*, MU’AZU ABDULLAHI KOFAR NA’ISA2, FATI ALI DIMARI3, ABDULLAHI HASSAN MOHAMMED4, AISHA ALI DIMARI5, AHMADU UMARU6, ABUBAKAR UMAR7, ZARA IBRAHIM8
1 Laboratoty Unit, Department of A. Health and Production Technology, Mohamet Lawan College of Agriculture, Maiduguri, Nigeria. 2Kano-Nigerian Erosion and Watershed Management Project, No. 229, Kofar Kansakali, Kano, Kano, Nigeria. 3, 5 Depatment of General Study, Mohamet Lawan College of Agriculture, Maiduguri, Nigeria. 6Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Ramat Polytechnic, Maiduguri, Nigeria. 4, 7, 8,Department of Animal Health and Production Technology, Mohamet Lawan College of Agriculture, Maiduguri, Nigeria.
Abstract
Some edible plants and plants’ part material are very good, and contain nutritional and medicinal. Food security and biosecurity management have to be a source of concerned when considering food production and its management. This research study was conducted on the evaluation of proximate analysis of Moringa oleifera Leaf Part Cultivated in College Farm, Jere Bowl, Nigeria. Materials used were of analytical grade and conducted under cleaned, hygienic environment. Standard operation procedures thoroughly followed. The method being applied were the methods described by Gwana et al., (2014); Ayoola et al., (2012); AOAC, (1990). The analyses were done in triplicate and the parameters were given percentage. The results obtained revealed that, the moisture content was 7.43 %, ash content (9.73 %), fat content (3 .9 %), protein content (28.06 %), crude fibre content (11.83 %), carbohydrate content (37.8 %) and dry matter was 92.57 % respectively. There are the needs to carry out intensive research on the all parts of the Moringa oleifera plant including the roots, leaves, stems, stem barks, flowers and seeds in order to evaluate the nutritive and non-nutritive compositions of the plant.
KEYWORDS: College Farm, Evaluation, Food and Biosecurity, Leaves Part, Moringa oleifera, Proximate analysis.
CLOUD BASED BLOOD BANK AND DONOR INFORMATION SYSTEM IN NIGERIAN HOSPITALS
*IDRIS YA’U IDRIS; *SUBERU YUSUF; *SALISU ABDULLAHI; *SUNUSI ABDULHAMID DANTATA; **AMINU AGABUS; *ISHAQ MUHAMMED; ***YUSUF PYELSHAK; *YAMUSA IDRIS ADAMU; & *OKONKWO, OGOCHUKWO JOHN
*Computer Science Department, Federal polytechnic, Bauchi. **Computer science department, Army University Biu, Borno state. ***Department of Health Information Management, Plateau State College of Health Technology Zawan.
Abstract
The blood is a connective tissue in the body and one of the most significant rudiments of human life. The scarcity of this life-saving fluid has become a persistent problem to deliver medical care in many countries, because in emergencies, relatives of patients run around to get specific blood type when unavailable at the hospital, without adequate information on the closest available source. While there are existing blood bank management systems that help locate available blood bank centers with the needed blood type, they do not provide information on the nearest center and donor. This research therefore developed a cloud based system that provides information for the discovery of blood bank centers and human donors with the highest proximity during emergencies. Web development technologies were used, and the Google Map API was used to track, calculate and display the location of each blood bank and donor. The system thus aid users in obtaining blood faster rather than going from one hospital to another in search for a specific blood type to reduce the number of deaths caused by lack of blood during emergencies.
KEYWORDS: Nigerian Hopitals, Donor, Cloud, Blood Bank, Information System
EFFECT OF GENOTYPE BY ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION ON BREAD WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) GENOTYPES IN MIDLAND OF GUJI ZONE, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
ALIYI KEDIR; SEYOUM ALEMU; YARED TESFAYE; KABNA ASEFA; & GIRMA TESHOME
Bore Agricultural Research Center, Bore Ethiopia.
Abstract
Today, wheat is among the most important crops grown in Ethiopia, both as a source of food for consumers and as a source of income for farmers. Since Ethiopia is known for its diverse agro-ecology the performance of genotypes varies within and across environments and genotypes respond differently to different environments. Therefore, studies on Genotype by Environment (GxE) interaction help to determine whether or not a genotype is stable in performance over a range of environments. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the best stable bread wheat genotype for midland areas of Guji Zone and analysis of the environment by GGE-biplot. In this experiment, 19 bread wheat genotypes were evaluated using RCBD with three replications at six different environments of midland Guji Zone of southern Ethiopia. The combined analysis of variance revealed that, there were highly significant differences among environments and among genotypes (p<0.001) for grain yield and yield components and for growth parameters except for days to emergence which was non-significant, indicating the presence of variability in genotypes as well as diversity of growing conditions at different locations. The GxE interaction was highly significant (p<0.001) for all traits except that of thousand seed weight (TSW) which is non-significant GxE interaction. Environments explained 89.89%, genotypes 8.29% and GxE 1.83% of the variability in grin yield. This shows that, the genotypes highly influenced by environment. Wadara2017 (E3) and Wadara2018 (E6) was the most biasing environment while Gobicha2018 (E5) followed by Dufa (2017) was the least discriminating environments. The environment grouped in to two mega environments. E1, E2 and E3 the same group and E4, E5 and E6 are the same group. ETBW8408 (G7) and ETBW8415 (G10) were high grain yield and found as stable, and therefore, recommended for wide adaptation. Again, the advanced ETBW8408 (G7) genotype was verified and released as new variety for wider production. Danda’a (G1) and ETBW8370 (G3) were low yielder and unstable genotypes. Those genotypes gave high grain yield, but unstable may be included in other breeding program, crossing.
KEYWORDS: GGE bi-plot, stable, grain yield, bread wheat, Guji Zone
SYNTHESES, CHARACTERIZATION AND DETERMINATION OF ANTI-MICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF 1-{(E)-[2-{(2-HYDROXYNAPHTHALENE-1-YL) METHYLIDENE] AMINO} ETHYL} NAPHTHALENE-2-OL) DERIVED FROM ETHYLENEDIAMMINE AND 2-HYDROXY-1-NAPHTHALDEHYDE AND ITS COMPLEXES WITH COBALT (II) AND NIKEL (II) METAL IONS
BULUS, CALEB LARAPS; DAUDA, ABUBAKAR YAKUBU; AND ELISHA, VICTOR ZUYA.
Department of Science Laboratory Technology (SLT), Federal Polytechnic Bauchi.
Abstract
The Schiff base 1-{(E)-[2-{(2-hydroxynaphthalene-1-yl) methylidene] amino} ethyl} naphthalene-2-ol was derived from ethylenediamine and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and its complexes with nickel(II) and cobalt(II). The UV-Visible result showed molar absorptivity above 1000 Lmol-1cm-1 (π~π٭) in the complexes, the FT-IR result showed absorption about 1600 nm (N=C) in all. The ligand and the complexes were screen for anti-microbial activity and the cobalt (II) complex was found to inhibit growth in B. subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli, S. sp and P. auruginosa in that order, with minimum inhibition concentration in B. subtilis at 20 µg/ml which is comparable to standard drugs while 500 µg/ml in the others which is too high. The nickel (II) and the Schiff base ligand only have growth inhibition against B. subtilis, E. coli, and S. sp with minimum inhibition concentration at 500 µg/ml which is too high compared to standard drug values.
KEYWORDS: synthesis, characterization, ethylenediammine, 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde, complexes, cobalt, nikel.
INVESTIGATION OF CONSUMPTION OF SMOKED FISH STORED USING INSECTICIDE DURING INSURGENCY PERIOD IN BORNO STATE, NORTH-EASTERN, NIGERIA
*BUKAR. A., 1WAKIL, M., 1SANI, H., & 2ALKALI, A. K.
1Department of Agricultural Technology, Mohamet Lawan College of Agriculture, P. M. B. 1427, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. 2Department of Post-Harvest Engineering, Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, P. M. B. 1489 Ilorin, Kwara state, Nigeria.
Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate consumption of smoked fish stored using insecticide. The objective was to identify socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents, examine the insect species found in the fish and identify types of insecticides used and measures taken by sellers and consumers. The result indicates that majority 36.7% of the fishermen fell within the age bracket of 36-45years, majority (78.3%) of the respondents were male, 53.3% were engaged in fishing activities. The result reveals that most of the fish species stored were cat fish (36.7%), followed by tilapia (24.2%), African lung fish (15.0%), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (9.2%), Synodomis species (8.3%) while the lowest according to the percentage respondents is for Hetrobrunchus niloticus (6.6%). Most of the fish were stored for commercial purpose (74.2%), cat fish, tilapia, and African lung fish were the three most widely stored fish. The result indicates that 46.7% of the respondent applied insecticide once, 36.6% applied it twice and 16.7% applies the insecticides thrice within 0-6month of storage. Aluminum phosphide, permethrin, Cypermethrin, Diclorvos, Tetramethrin, Fenithrothion, Bioresmethrin, Pirimiphos-methyl, Chlorpryrifos-methyl are the most commonly applied insecticides by the fishermen/traders in for storing their fish product against infection and infestation. The insecticide for the control of insects, 29.1% applied insecticide for the control of fungal infestation, 21.2% apply insecticide for the control of rodent, while 12.6% use insecticide for the control of mold infestation. The result on the common insect found infesting the fish at stores indicate that 58.3% were Dermetes maculatus, 33.3% infestation from Necrobia rupifes while 8.4% infestation was from Trogoderma spp, 50.0% infestation were Dermetes maculatus, 37.5% Necrobia rupifes, 12.5% Trogoderma spp, 61.9% of adults and larval were Dermetes maculatus, 28.6% Necrobia rupifes 9.5% adults and larval stages were from Trogoderma spp, 10.0% apply insecticide immediately after smoking the fish, 21.7% apply after one hour of smoking, 28.3% apply insecticide after one week of smoking, 33.3% apply two weeks of smoking, 6.7% apply insecticide after every month, 33.3% stored the smoked fish for less than a month, 20.0% store the fish for three month, 17.6% store the fish for five month, 15.8% store it for six month, 8.3% store the fish for one year, 5.0% store the fish for more than a year and above, 50.0% percept the effect of insecticides on change in flavor, 31.7% percept effect as change in quality, 18.3% percept the effect in cooking quality, 90.8% were not using protective clothing during insecticide application, only very few 9.3% use protective clothing during insecticide application, 73.3% of the respondents used direct application of insecticides on fish. The majority 51.7% experience headache and 31.7% stomach cramp and 16.6% experience diarrhea for a short time. Most of the respondents made observation for the absent of insect and odour/smell of fish as an indication for the presence or absence of insecticide on fish. It was equally evident that consumers use crude ways to establish the presence of insecticides on treated fish.
KEYWORDS: Fish. Traders. Consumer. Insecticide. Treatment
ARAGONITE-NANOPARTICLES INDUCE BREAST CANCER CELL LINE THROUGH DOSE INCREASE REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES
HAMIDU AHMED
Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Federal Polytechnic Mubi, P.M.B 35, Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This research was carried out to examine the mode of interaction of Doxorubicin Loaded Aragonite Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles with the breast cancer cell, to understand the effect of these agents on cell organic molecules. Cockle shells, antibiotics combination, Phosphate buffered saline, Doxorubicin hydrochloride, intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species Assay kit Superoxide dismutase, were all used in the study. The results of the investigation indicate that treatment of MCF-7 cells with DOX-Ar-CC-NPs and DOX exhibited a dose-dependent effect on cell viability. The ability of DOX-NPs to induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cells was conflicting with the high potency of Aragonite Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles in drug delivery.
KEYWORDS: Oxidative stress; Doxorubicin; Nanoparticle; aragonite-calcium carbonate; Breast cancer; Cockleshell.
NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT OF SCHOOL MEALS AND FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS OF PUPILS UNDER THE SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMME IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA
MUSTAPHA YUSUF DAUDA, VICTOR N. ENUJIUGHA AND OLUWOLE S. IJAROTINI
1Department Food Technology, Federal Polytechnic Kaura Namoda, Zamfara State, Nigeria. 2,3Department Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
Abstract
School Feeding Programme – means provision of nutritious meal each day to pupils to attract them to school to enhance learning. To a hungry child, going to school is not as important as having enough food to eat. A well fed child is likely to concentrate more in the class than his/her counterpart on an empty stomach. The objectives of the study were to evaluate nutrient composition and food consumption pattern of pupil under the school feeding programe in Kano state, Nigeria. Cross-sectional study was conducted among school-children in Kano State Nigeria. Data on food consumption pattern of pupils at household level and parent’s occupation were collected using structured questionnaire. The school-meal samples were evaluated for amino acid profile, and proximate composition. The household food consumption patterns of the children indicated that 87% depend on starch-based foods, 50% considered legumes as their main source of protein, 43% foods of animals’ origin. 32% agreed on regular intake of fruits/vegetables while others occasionally. The occupation of the pupil’s parents (fathers and mothers) have been viewed as 14-30% of the pupil’s parents engaged in vocational jobs, 1- 23% were famers, 14-20% civil servants, 24% – 41% business and lastly 4%- 11% were un employed. The school meals had high crude protein content. Arginine and histidine (the essential amino acids required for the growth of school aged children) was adequately enough in the meals. The protein content of the meals was adequately enough to promote growth of the pupils. High intake of plant protein and low animal protein was observed. However, the quantity of the meals given to the pupils seems inadequate. Hence, there is a need to improve on the quantity and quality of the school-meals. This finding may be relevant to health and educational policy makers in Nigeria.
KEYWORDS: School-meal, feeding programme, nutrient composition, consumption pattern at household level, school children.
MINERAL COMPOSITION OF LOCAL SALT LICKS (TOKA) IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA
1ADAMU S. M. AND 2KUBKOMAWA, H. I.
1Department of Animal Health and Production Technology, the Federal Polytechnic, P. M. B. 35, Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria. 2Department of Fisheries Technology, Federal Polytechnic, P.M.B 35, Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Abstract
The objective of the study was to determine some mineral composition of local salt licks (Toka) produced from crop residues in Adamawa State, Nigeria. Five (5) local salt blocks made from Maize cobs, Beni-seed straws, Sorghum stover, Cowpea husk and Maize stover were analyzed. The mineral contents were analyzed using Triple Acid Digestion Methods (TADM). The results showed that, local salt licks produced from crop residues majorly contained seven (7) macro-minerals namely: sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), chlorine (Cl), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) and ten (10) micro minerals or trace elements namely: iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), iodine (I), molybdenum (Mo), cobalt (Co), selenium (Se), fluorine (Fl) and chromium (Cr). The results further showed that, the local salt licks produced from crop residues had little or no heavy metals. All livestock require some percentage of mineral elements for cellular respiration, nervous system development, protein synthesis, metabolism and reproductive purposes. Macro and micro elements are important components of livestock ration which aid in the prevention of mineral deficiencies. Therefore, the local salt licks produced from crop residues could be used as mineral supplements to improve palatability and acceptability in animal feeds thereby, increasing sustainable livestock performance and productivity in the region. This could also conveniently substitute the un-sustainable imported, highly expensive mineral licks used for livestock production in the state and Nigeria as a whole.
KEYWORDS: Mineral Composition, Salt Licks, Sustainable Livestock Production, Adamawa State, Nigeria
NUTRITIONAL VALUE AND SUPERIORITY OF YELLOW – FLESH CASSAVA TUBER PRODUCT
ADEGBITE, B. A
Dept. of Agricultural Education, Osun State College of Education Ilesa, Nigeria.
Abstract
Cassava became the most important root crop in the tropical Africa, is the most advanced component of root and tuber crops production in Nigeria. More than 10 million smallholders grow cassava and over 50 million people earn their living directly or indirectly from it. Consumption of yellow gari in many households of Nigeria has become traditionally acceptable table diet because of it richness in vitamin A content that reduces the effect of vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A deficiency has affected 20% of pregnant women, 13% of nursing mothers and 30 % children under 5 years. This study emphasized nutritional composition of a food sample (yellow eba) such as carbohydrate, protein, vitamin, minerals and a good source of energy using proximate analysis. The findings revealed that 2.1 % protein, 0.5 % fat, 0.4 % fibre contained in the sample. Almost 19.0 % carbohydrate with adequate proportion of minerals contents present for our healthy growth. The high beta-carotene (131.25±0.79 µg/g) and vitamin A (21.88±0.13 µg/g) in the sample is a reflection that yellow eba supplies appreciable and significant amount of intake of bio- available vitamin A. consuming yellow eba provides a number of desirable nutritional and health benefits such as vitamin A which reduces effects of vitamin A deficiency for human well – being. However, alternative and more favorable policy that would negate more devastating effects of the Coronavirus (COVID – 19) is expected to protect food production and food security.
KEYWORDS: affluent, bio – fortified, calories, carotene, clones, immunity and mortality
STUDIES ON THE LEVELS OF SOME SELETED MINERAL NUTRIENTS (MACRO AND MICRO) IN SOME COMMON IMPORTED RICE (Oryza sativa) FOUND IN SOME POPULAR MARKETS IN SAKI WEST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OYO STATE, NIGERIA.
*IMRAN, M.O., *LAWAL I.A., AND *AZEEZ, G.O., *IDRIS, S. F. AND *MOSOBALAJE T.
*Science Laboratory Technology Department, The Oke-Ogun Polytechnic, Saki, Oyo State
Abstract
Rice provides not less than 21% of global human per capital energy and 15% of per protein. Rice is grown under different condition and production system. It can be grown in different environments. Rice is central to the live of billions of people around the world. Rice belongs to the genus Oryza and has two cultivated and 22 wild species. It’s grown all over the world. Rice is the only cereal crops that can grow for long period of time in standing water. The heavy metal contamination of rice during planting, processing, and transportation is not known to people. Therefore, this experiment was carried out to determine the levels of some minerals in different types of rice form different country (Thailand and India rice brands), imported to the town (Saki). The thirteen (13) samples of imported rice (from Thailand and India) obtained were grounded and sieved with a 0.01 mm sieve separately and then digested. During digestion,1 gram of each sample was weighed in a 50 millimeter graduated Pyrex digestion tube.25 milliliter of deionized water was added followed by the addition of 4 millimeters of 1:1 concentrated Nitric-Perchloric acids (HNO3 -HClO4) then 5 millimeters of concentrated Hydrochloric acid (HCl) was also added. The digested samples obtained were then analyzed for the presence of (K, Ca, Mg, Na, Ni and Fe) using AAS method. The analysis revealed the concentration of tested minerals (potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, nickel and iron) within the range of 0.010±0.95 mg/kg in the Thailand samples while India samples showed the concentrations of these minerals in the range of 0.01± 2.73 mg/kg. However the presence of chromium and cadmium were not detected in the samples. Notwithstanding, the concentration of all the tested minerals are within the permissible limit recommended by international standards.
KEYWORDS: Oryza sativa, Cereal, Heavy metal, Perchloric acid, Nutrients, AAS.
DESIGN OF BIOMETRICS SYSTEM IN SECURING PATIENTS MEDICAL RECORD CASE STUDY: SCHOOL CLINIC, FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC MUBI
MUSTAPHA KASSIM, UMAR BELLO and BASHIR IBRAHIM TUKUR
Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State.
Abstract
In the computing environment, data and information security is critical because it helps to prevent unauthorized users from accessing sensitive and personal data. Organizations should consider using such technology, especially when the information is critical to both the organization and its customers. Biometrics is one of these authentication technologies, which is employed in a wide range of application sectors such as banking and airlines. Unlike traditional approaches such as login and password, which do not truly bind access to a single person because they can be accessed in a variety of ways. Biometric techniques like the Hand geometry, Handwriting recognition, Voice recognition, Face recognition, Fingerprint and DNA are more reliable and highly capable of distinguishing between an authorized person and an impostor. The security system in place surrounding our health sector is currently quite porous, and patient medical records can be readily misplaced or accessed by unauthorized individuals, as well as critical information being leaked or modified illegally. This is possible because of the manual method of documentation of these records which is a major problem. The main focus of this research is how fingerprint recognition can be explored in trying to solve this problem and automate our record system in the hospital.
KEYWORDS: Biometrics, fingerprint, minutiae, templates, hospital, patients, medical records.
USE OF CYBOPOGON CITRATUS (LEMONGRASS) FOR MITIGATING THE DELETERIOUS EFFECTS OF HEAT STRESS ON RECTAL TEMPERATURE, MORTALITY, VILLI HEIGHT, CRYPT DEPTH AND HAEMATOLOGICAL PROFIE OF BROILER CHICKENS
*Dr G G AFOLAYAN; **Dr L K. ADJOLOLO; and **Prof A. NAZIE
* The Federal Polytechnic, SLT Department, Kaura Namoda. Zamfara State. **University of Ghana, Legon, Accra Ghana.
Abstract
This study investigated the use of lemongrass (LG) to ameliorate the effect of chronic heat stress on the rectal temperature, mortality, villi height, crypt depth and haematological profile of broiler chickens. The experiment was conducted according to procedures approved by the Ethics Committee for Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana. Two hundred COBB500 breed of day-old broilers were used for the research. The experimental animals were randomly allotted into five dietary treatment groups with five replicates in for each group, using ten birds for each replicated. Corn-soya bean meal was used for the formulation as the basal diet (BD) with LG inclusion at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 percent levels. These were designated as dietary treatments T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 respectively. The birds were fed the experimental diets from age 7 until age 49 days. Heat stress was applied to the birds through exposure to temperature range of 35-37o C daily from 11:00-15:00 GMT from 4th to 7th weeks. Daily rectal temperature of birds in each replicate was taken. At the end of the feeding trial, a total of 50 birds (10 birds per treatment and two birds per replicate) were randomly selected for haematological and histo-morphological examination. Results revealed that the rectal temperature increased significantly (p < 0.05) due to imposition of the heat stress. However, mortality was low and within level acceptable in broiler production. Also, haematological parameters were similar (p > 0.05) among treatments. Histo-morphological analysis of the ileum showed that significant differences (p < 0.05) occurred for the villi height, crypt depth, and villi height/crypt depth ratio among the treatments. Villi height (VH) and crypt depth (CD) of treatments T4 and T5 were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of T1, T2, and T3. Also, the VH/CD ratio of dietary treatments T1, T2 and T3 were similar (p > 0.05) but higher (p < 0.05) than those of treatments T4 and T5. It was concluded that the dietary inclusion of LG improved the villi height, crypt depth, and villi height/crypt depth ratio for broilers under chronic heat stress. However, LG inclusion did not cause any significant difference in mortality and haematological profile of broiler chickens reared under chronic heat stress. This perhaps may be because the antioxidant phytochemicals in the lemongrass were not sufficiently bioavailable to the birds at a level that could have brought about significant effect in the rectal temperature and the blood profile of the birds during this stressful period. It is therefore recommended that essential oil extract of lemongrass be considered in future studies. Also, the short duration in which broilers were fed the test diets might not have allowed the broilers to fully benefit from the LG supplementation to show. Hence, the herb can be tested in the diets of other poultry species such as layers, breeders, and cockerel which feed for longer period.
KEYWORDS: Lemongrass, Rectal Temperature, Villi Height, Crypt Depth and Haematological, Parameters.